The Influence of Core Self-Evaluation, Workload, and Workplace Spirituality on Employee Performance with Career Commitment as a Mediation Variable at Pt. Bank Aceh Syariah – Operational Head Office

*Raudhatul Jannah Irfan, Muhammad Adam, & Teuku Roli Ilhamsyah Putra*
Management Department, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
DOI
http://doi.org/10.37502/IJSMR.2023.6920

Abstract

This study aims to test core self-evaluation, workload, and workplace spirituality influence on the PT Bank Aceh Syariah-Operational Head Office (BAS-OHO) employee performance with a career commitment as a mediator. The population was 189 and it used census techniques for sampling. Data were analyzed via one sample t-test, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-AMOS, and Sobel test. The test results conclude that in BAS-OHO, the core self-evaluation, workplace spirituality, career commitment, and employee performance were running well, while the workload felt by employees was already in a high position. Then, core self-evaluation and workplace spirituality influence career commitment and BAS-OHO employee performance positively, but Workload influences career commitment and BAS-OHO employee performance negatively. Furthermore, career commitment itself also influences BAS-OHO employee performance, and Career commitment partially mediates the core self-evaluation, workload, and workplace spirituality influence BAS-OHO employee performance. These findings explain that the BAS-OHO employee performance improvement model is a function of strengthening core self-evaluation, adjusting workloads, strengthening workplace spirituality, and strengthening career commitment.

Keywords: Core self-evaluation, workload, workplace spirituality, career commitment, and employee performance

References

  • Ahmad, Y., Tewal, B., & Taroreh, R. N. (2019). Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Beban Kerja, Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. FIF Group Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi, 7(3), 2811–2820. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.7.3.2019.23747
  • Ardiansyah, W., Musnadi, S., & Syafruddin. (2020). The Effect of Learning Organization, Occupational Self-Efficacy and Knowledge Management on Land Dispute Handling Skill and Its Impact on Employee Performance of National Land Board Regional Office in Aceh. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Review, 3(4), 143–152. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.35409/IJBMER.2020.3191
  • Ashmos, D. P., & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at Work: A Conceptualization and Measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/105649260092008
  • Atatsi, E., Curşeu, P. L., Stoffers, J., & Kil, A. (2020). Leader-member Exchange, Organizational Citizenship Behaviours and Performance of Ghanaian Technical University Lecturers. African Journal of Business Management, 14(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2019.8884
  • Bharadwaj, S., & Jamal, M. T. (2020). In Search Of Spiritual Workplaces: An Empirical Evidence Of Workplace Spirituality And Employee Performance In The Indian I.T Industry. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(3), 1116–1124.
  • Cavanagh, G. F., & Bandsuch, M. R. (2002). Virtue as a Benchmark for Spirituality in Business. Journal of Business Ethics, 38(1/2), 109–117. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25074782
  • Do, T. T. (2018). How spirituality, climate and compensation affect job performance. Social Responsibility Journal, 14(2), 396–409. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2016-0086
  • Elnafrawy, A. A. R. (2022). Workplace Spirituality, Affective Commitment, and Mediating Role of Workplace Friendship. Dynamic Relationships Management Journal, 11(1), 69–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17708/DRMJ.2022.v11n01a05
  • Erez, A., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Relationship of Core Self-Evaluations to Goal Setting, Motivation, and Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 1270–1279. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.6.1270
  • Gomes, F. C. (2003). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Yogyakarta: Andi.
  • Greenglass, E. R., Burke, R. J., & Fiksenbaum, L. (2001). Workload and burnout in nurses. Journal of Community & Applied SOcial Psychology, 11(3), 211–215. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.614
  • Habeeb, S., & Khan, N. U. (2018). Impact of Spirituality at Workplace on Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Study on Employees of Prasar Bharti and All India Radio (New Delhi). Journal of the Social Sciences, 55(1–3), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.31901/24566756.2018/55.1-3.2225
  • Haslam, S. A., Reicher, S., & Platow, M. J. (2020). The New Psychology of Leadership Identity, Influence and Power (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
  • Ioannidou, E., Karagiorgos, T., & Alexandris, K. (2016). Exploring the Relationship of Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction with Leader-Member Exchange of Section Leaders and Team Leaders in Summer Children’s Camps in Greece. International Journal of Sport Management Recreation & Tourism, 22(d), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.5199/ijsmart-1791-874X-22d
  • Irawati, R., & Carollina, D. A. (2017). Analysis of the Effect of Workload on Operator Career Commitment at PT Giken Precision Indonesia. Inovbiz Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis, 5(1), 51–52. https://doi.org/10.35314/inovbiz.v5i1.171
  • Janib, J., Rasdi, R. M., Omar, Z., Alias, S. N., Zaremohzzabieh, Ahrari, Z., & Seyedali. (2021). The Relationship between Workload and Performance of Research University Academics in Malaysia: The Mediating Effects of Career Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Asian Journal of University Education, 17(2), 85–99.
  • Jena, L. K. (2022). Does workplace spirituality lead to raising employee performance? The role of citizenship behavior and emotional intelligence. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(6), 1309–1334. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-06-2020-2279
  • Kimura, T., Bande, B., & Fernández-Ferrín, P. (2018). Work overload and intimidation: The moderating role of resilience. European Management Journal, 36(6), 736–745. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2018.03.002
  • Kittinger, J. D., Walker, A. G., Cope, J., & Wuensch, K. (2009). The Relationship between Core Self-Evaluations and Affective Commitment. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 11(1), 55–62. https://doi.org/10.21818/001c.17322
  • Koskei, T. A. ., Kimutai, G., & Bogonko, J. (2018). Continuance Commitment and Employee Performance at University of Eastern Africa, Baraton Kenya. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 20(2), 61–67.
  • Lee, C. S., Hung, D. K. M., & Ling, T. C. (2012). Work values of Generation Y preservice teachers in Malaysia. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, 704–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.187
  • Li, S., Döngül, E. S., Uygun, S. V., Öztürk, M. B., Huy, D. T. N., & Tuan, P. Van. (2022). Abusive Management, Self Efficacy, Sustainable Development Management, And Human Interaction Technology. Sustainability, 14(4), 1–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su14041949
  • Lyell, D., Magrabi, F., & Coiera, E. (2018). The Effect of Cognitive Load and Task Complexity on Automation Bias in Electronic Prescribing. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 60(7), 1008–1021. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818781224
  • Mahalingam, S., & Suresh, M. (2018). The Impact of Organizational Commitment on Employee Loyalty in IT Industry with Reference to Coimbatore City. International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management, 1(5), 55–59.
  • Mmakwe, Anthonia, K., & Ukoha, O. (2018). Workload and Employee Performance In Nigerian Banks, Port Harcourt. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research, 4(1), 107–119.
  • Nainggolan, A. P., & Sandroto, C. W. (2017). Pengaruh Core Self-Evaluations Terhadap Job Satisfaction Dengan Mediator Career Commitment Pada Karyawan PT Sinar Sosro Di Tangerang. Prosiding Working Papers Series In Management. Jakarta: Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya.
  • Niu, H.-J. (2010). Investigating the effects of self-efficacy on foodservice industry employees’ career commitment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(4), 743–750. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.03.006
  • Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2012). Workplace Spirituality, Meditation, and Work Performance. Journal of Management Spirituality & Religion, 9(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2012.688623
  • Porter, M. E. (1998). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: Free Press; Illustrated.
  • Rahman, M. S., Zaman, M. H., Hossain, M. A., Mannan, M., & Hassan, H. (2019). Mediating effect of employee’s commitment on workplace spirituality and executive’ssales performance: An empirical investigation. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 10(4), 1057–1073. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-02-2018-0024
  • Rinaldy, R., Nasir, & Faisal. (2020). The Effect of Work Engangement, Self Efficacy and Work Involvement on Innovative Behavior and Its Implications on Employee Performance In Aceh Highway Agency. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 3(3), 117–124.
  • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Essential of Organisational Behaviour (14th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson.
  • Rolos, J. K. R., Sambul, S. A. P., & Rumawas, W. (2018). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya Cabang Manado Kota. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 6(4), 19–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35797/jab.v6.i004.19-27
  • Silaban, R. L., Handaru, A. W., & Saptono, A. (2021). Effect of Workload, Competency, and Career Development on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment Intervening Variables. The International Journal of Social Sciences World, 3(1), 294–311. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5091470
  • Soeraiya, R., Sofyan, & Majid, M. S. A. (2022). The Effect of Public Service Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Career Commitment With Employee Performance as a Mediation Variable at Jabal Ghafur University. International Journal Of Business Management And Economic Review, 5(1), 23–39. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.35409/IJBMER.2022.3355
  • Sony, M., & Mekoth, N. (2019). The relationship between workplace spirituality, job satisfaction and job performance. International Journal of Process Management and Benchmarking, 9(1), 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPMB.2019.097819
  • Steers, R. M. (2013). Efektivitas organisasi (kaidah perilaku)= organizations effectivenes. Jakarta: Erlangga.
  • Swanson, R. A., & Holton, E. F. (2014). Foundations of Human Resource Development. California: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.
  • Tambengi, K. F. S., Kojo, C., & Rumokoy, F. S. (2016). Effect of Compensation, Workload, and Career Development on the Employee Satisfaction at PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk, Witel North Sulawesi. Jurnal EMBA, 4(4), 1088–1097.
  • Vandenberghe, C., & Ok, A. B. (2013). Career commitment, proactive personality, and work outcomes: a cross-lagged study. Career Development International, 18(7), 652–672. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-02-2013-0013
  • Wahib, A., & Machfudz. (2023). The Influence of Workplace Spirituality, Commitment and Organizational Culture on Teacher Productivity. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v7i1.4628
  • Walt, F. van der, & Klerk, M. De. (2014). Workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. International Review of Psychiatry, 26(3), 379–389. https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2014.908826
  • Warahmah, M., Harmen, H., & Kesuma, T. M. (2022). The Effect Of Transformational Leadership On Employee Performance And Organizational Performance Mediated By Job Satisfaction And Organizational Commitment Of Banda Aceh Pln Customer Service Implementation Unit. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Review, 5(2), 15–29. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.35409/IJBMER.2022.3367
  • Zhang, J., Wu, Q., Miao, D., Yan, X., & Peng, J. (2014). The Impact of Core Self-evaluations on Job Satisfaction: The Mediator Role of Career Commitment. Social Indicators Research, 116(3), 809–822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-013-0328-5