Comparative Analysis of Preoperative and Postoperative Tympanometry Findings in Patients with Adenoid in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja

Yahaya ST, Adekoya VA & Amadasun BK
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
DOI – DOI- http://doi.org/10.37502/IJSMR.2022.5620

Abstract

Background: Adenoid is the collection of sub-epithelial lymphoid tissues under the mucosa of the nasopharynx situated at the junction of the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx, forming part of the Waldeyer’s ring of lymphoid tissues of the nasopharynx. It is also called Nasopharyngeal Tonsils and is composed of vertical ridges of lymphoid tissue separated by deep clefts, and covered by ciliated columnar epithelium.
Aim: To identify the Tympanometric findings in patients with Adenoids pre and post-Adenoidectomy in LASUTH, Ikeja.
Methodology: This is a Prospective interventional hospital-based clinical study was carried out at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was distributed to all consecutive eligible patients diagnosed with adenoid hypertrophy seen at the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic who were recruited for the study.  A thorough examination of the Ear, Nose, and Throat and tympanometry were done a week before the Adenoidectomy and six weeks post-surgery. The analysis of data collected was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.
Results: A total of 103 subjects participated with 59.2% (61) being males and 40.8% females. The male to female ratio was 1:0.7. The most frequently affected age range was ≤ 3 years accounting for 39.8% (41) of cases while the least frequently affected was 7-9 years i.e 21.4% (22) of cases. Tympanometric findings post-operatively revealed type B tympanogram (OME) was found in 72.9% of the ears, with the right ear accounting for 35.0% while the left ear was at 37.9% (p = 0.314). Postoperatively, type B tympanogram had reduced to 34% with the right ear accounting for 11.7% while the left ear was 22.3% (p = 0.314). There were also differences between the preoperative and post-operative type A and C tympanometric patterns. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.002, p = 0.004) on the right and left ear respectively.
Conclusion: Adenoid hypertrophy was more prevalent in the ≤ 3 years age range and the reduction in the frequency of type B tympanometry findings in the right and left ears postoperative was significantly less from the preoperative tympanometry findings among the subjects.

Keywords: Adenoid hypertrophy, tympanometry, Waldeyer’s ring, Type B tympanogram.

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