Covid-19: A Pandemic Outbreak

Mayana Ibtisam Khan
Yogi Vemana University, University in Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
DOI – http://doi.org/10.37502/IJSMR.2022.5319

Abstract

A pandemic disease which is widely spreading all over the world leading to deaths of millions of people. A novel coronavirus (CoV) known as COVID-19 or nCoV-2019 or 2019 novel coronavirus identified by World Health Organization (WHO) is currently maintaining all the data of COVID-19 and it was started in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Coronavirus is a harmful disease and fastly spreading disease. The WHO declared coronavirus as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The first case was occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, china which showed the first symptom of respiratory illness. The family of SARS is MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. MERS-CoV is an epidemic; SARS-CoV is also a pandemic which was long lasted in the year 2009 now SARS-CoV-2 which has been started in the year 2019 and still it is going on. The symptoms which reflects that a person he/she who is suffering from COVID-19 is respiratory illness, fever, cough, shortness of breath, difficulty in breathing, change in taste of mouth, fatigue. The coronavirus is affected to all age groups but especially to those people who are old in age and are suffering from diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, hypertension, and chronic liver diseases. It can spread from one person to another person very easily through droplets or aerosols or particles and transfer from hands. People who are 6 feet to infected people have 100% chances of being affected to virus. The incubation period for an infected person should be atleast 2-14days. If the normal person meets the infected person the person should see for 14 days if he/she is not infected then he/she is not confirmed with COVID-19. The preventive measures are get vaccinated as soon as possible, should keep physical distance from every person at least 1 m, should wear mask and gloves compulsory, while cough or sneeze bent your elbow. The COVID-19 is tested or diagnosed by RT-PCR test. It is available in the form of kits and it is developed and is available in all clinical labs. RT-PCR results shows just 30-75% accurate because it shows incorrect use of kits or shows not enough virus in our blood at the starting stages of infection. The current outbreak has much importance in bioinformatics in drug designing. Some databases and tools are used to design drug-using lopinavir and remdesivir.

Keywords: COVID-19, nCoV-2019, pandemic, WHO, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory illness, fever, cough, fatigue, RT-PCR.

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